Messiah College Foundation, Inc. · EPS–Track 1 · Academic Year 2026–2027

THE ENTREPRENEUR
PORTFOLIO.

Design a solution. Earn the right to grow.

Founder / proposed service venture / Angeles City, Pampanga

Model answers for every required item · Your own writing spaces · 11 sections · 16 exhibits

00 / A field-ready portfolio workspace

A professional case. An original student response.

Busy residents may postpone simple clothing alterations because finding a reliable tailor, arranging a visit and tracking completion requires time. This is a hypothesis to investigate.

11Required final sections
16Continuity portfolio exhibits
10 minFinal oral pitch
PROPOSED VENTURE — DEMAND UNVERIFIED

The case brief

Explore a pickup-and-return clothing alteration service using independent tailoring partners, transparent quotes and documented garment handovers.

Customer hypothesis: Time-constrained employees and households in a small, explicitly defined Angeles City pilot area.

Value promise: Simple alteration booking, upfront estimated quotes, pickup windows and documented return condition.


Example you can follow: A small local business may face unclear customer expectations. I propose a limited 30-day test that starts with customer research, compares alternatives, uses a transparent budget and measures actual inquiries and orders. I will disclose assumptions, protect customer privacy and adapt the strategy if results do not justify further spending.

Portfolio architecture

Every decision has its place.

Start with Step 1: choose a business. Step 2: introduce yourself. Step 3: show what you learned. Step 4: present your work. Step 5: build a marketing plan. Step 6: explain your ethics. Step 7: organize the 11 sections. Step 8: prepare to present. Every field includes a model answer and a blank space for your own.

01
Step 2 + Step 7 / Working chapter 1 of 11

COVER & PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY

Build a credible personal positioning statement that fits the portfolio audience.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Sample identity: Alex Santos, student founder and customer-discovery lead. Positioning: I build practical microservices by reducing friction in ordinary tasks, listening carefully to customers and keeping costs visible. Strengths to evidence: process mapping, communication and calculated experimentation. Investor offer: a small paid pilot with clear operating safeguards. This profile is a teaching illustration.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Name, education, professional competencies, values, current strengths, career direction, and specific value offer.

Example you can follow: Alex Santos | EPS-Track 1 | student founder and service-design lead.
Example you can follow: I explore everyday convenience problems and build small, testable service concepts.
Example you can follow: Skills to demonstrate: process map, customer interview protocol, partner cost sheet and service safeguards.
Example you can follow: Employer: I can analyze service quality. Partner: I propose a limited pilot with documented losses and controls.
02
Step 1 + Step 7 / Working chapter 2 of 11

THE BUSINESS & UNMET NEED

Select one business and define the customer problem without claiming that untested assumptions are facts.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

AyosTahi is a proposed pickup-and-return clothing alterations service in a limited Angeles City zone. Hypothesis: some employed residents delay repairs due to travel and scheduling inconvenience. Current alternatives may include neighborhood tailoring shops and do-it-yourself adjustments; verify them locally. Differentiation: transparent quotes, item check-in documentation and planned collection/return windows.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Business name, industry, location, product or service, current/proposed status, alternatives, need, customer and proof of opportunity.

Example you can follow: AyosTahi; proposed garment-alteration pickup-and-return service in Angeles City; not yet operating.
Example you can follow: Possible need: busy residents delay minor repairs because a tailor visit is inconvenient.
Example you can follow: Alternative: visit a neighborhood tailor. Proposed value: upfront estimates, pickup windows and documented handovers.
Example you can follow: Evidence needed: competitor locations, typical alteration fees, partner quotations and customer discovery.
03
Steps 3–4 + Step 7 / Working chapter 3 of 11

RESEARCH & CUSTOMER INSIGHT

Show a traceable reasoning chain from research to customer priorities.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Research question: Which alteration tasks do residents find worth paying a pickup fee for, at what price and turnaround? Conduct credible desk research first, map local competing services and any relevant permits. If price/turnaround answers remain unresolved, conduct a small voluntary, anonymized discovery interview. This example does not claim that interviews occurred or a market size was measured.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Desk research, secondary sources, ethical customer discovery if justified, customer segment, journey and limitations.

Example you can follow: Research question: For which repairs would households pay extra for pickup, and why?
Example you can follow: Hypothesis: employed residents needing hem and zipper adjustments who lack time to visit a tailor.
Example you can follow: Find -> ask for quote -> approve -> pickup -> documented return -> voluntary review.
Example you can follow: Unknowns: willingness to pay, trust in handovers and real turnaround. Do not invent interview results.
04
Steps 3–4 + Step 7 / Working chapter 4 of 11

MARKETING THINKING & DIAGNOSIS

Apply course frameworks selectively and explain why the chosen framework fits the venture.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Traditional option: rent a storefront, print many flyers and hope demand develops. Entrepreneurial option: test bookings through a simple form and a limited partner network. Focus mix on customer convenience and total cost, plus the 7Ps process and physical evidence of garment care. Seven dimensions: opportunity and customer intensity are strategic intentions, not demonstrated strengths until evidence is collected. Test stickiness through a simple turnaround promise.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Traditional versus entrepreneurial marketing; 4Ps/7Ps, 4Cs, seven dimensions, Law of the Few, stickiness, context.

Example you can follow: Traditional: rent a shop and promote opening day. Entrepreneurial: validate paid pickups before committing to rent.
Example you can follow: 7Ps process and physical evidence matter, because customers must trust custody of their garments.
Example you can follow: Planning-only ratings: opportunity 4/5; resource leverage 3/5; calculated risk 2/5; verify after research.
Example you can follow: People: neighborhood coordinators; sticky promise: clear quote first; context: busy working-week schedules.
05
Steps 3–5 + Step 7 / Working chapter 5 of 11

STRATEGIC OPTIONS & CHOICE

Compare at least three candidate strategies and defend the selection against constraints, customer behavior and risk.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Options: A build an app, B open a kiosk, C offer scheduled pickup through a lightweight booking page with one vetted tailoring partner. Choose C for a small pilot because technology and rent are premature. Owned: booking information and customer care page. Shared: opt-in neighborhood posts. Earned: voluntary recommendations. Paid channels: consider only after delivery quality and cost are stable.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Word-of-mouth, special events, expeditionary testing, real-time, viral, digital, SEO, content and guerrilla alternatives.

Example you can follow: Options: build a custom app, rent a kiosk, or run a limited booking pilot with a tailor partner.
Example you can follow: Select the booking pilot: it tests real demand with fewer fixed commitments and clearer stop conditions.
Example you can follow: Owned booking form; shared local group post with permission; earned customer referral; paid only if service works.
Example you can follow: Decline a public opening event before partner capacity, item custody and complaint handling are settled.
06
Steps 4–5 + Step 7 / Working chapter 6 of 11

CAMPAIGN & CREATIVE WORK

Display original content and campaign prototypes as employer-ready evidence of creative and analytical ability.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Concept: THE FIT YOU KEEP. Sample caption: Your favorite trousers may need an adjustment, not a replacement. Request an alteration estimate, select an available pickup window and receive a documented receipt for every item. Final prices depend on inspection and your approval. CTA: Request an estimate. Sample storyboard: before/after images only with permission and accurate descriptions; never fabricate repair outcomes.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Campaign concept, message variants, sample post, call to action, disclosure, lawful activation concept and annotation.

Example you can follow: Campaign: THE FIT YOU KEEP, focused on making alterations more convenient.
Example you can follow: Sample caption: Your trousers may need an adjustment, not replacement. Ask for an estimate before scheduling pickup.
Example you can follow: Test a convenience message against a garment-care message with three voluntary participants.
Example you can follow: Objective: qualified quote inquiries; contribution: booking explainer draft; rationale: reduce uncertainty; outcome pending.
07
Step 5 + Step 7 / Working chapter 7 of 11

OBJECTIVES, CALENDAR & BUDGET

Turn the chosen strategy into measurable commitments and a cost-conscious execution sequence.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Illustrative 30-day validation goal: secure 20 paid pilot orders from a narrow service area if vendor and safety checks pass; track on-time return and alteration rework separately. Sequence: days 1–7 partner vetting/quotes; days 8–14 booking and item-record process; days 15–30 limited trial. Illustrative startup cap PHP 8,000: discovery/transport 500, creative 800, simple booking setup 700, packaging/labels 1,000, pilot transport reserve 2,200, community outreach 800, contingency 2,000.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Situation, SMART objectives, ownership, 30/60/90-day calendar, budget and assumptions.

Example you can follow: Illustrative 30-day target: 20 paid orders if partner and safety checks pass; it is not current traction.
Example you can follow: Days 1–7 vet partner; 8–14 test booking and custody records; 15–30 limit paid pilot orders.
Example you can follow: Illustrative maximum pilot cash allocation PHP 8,000; list reserves separately from actual expenses.
Example you can follow: Dependencies: vetted tailoring capacity, travel safety, clear quotes and written damage policy.
08
Steps 4–5 + Step 7 / Working chapter 8 of 11

MEASUREMENT & LEARNING

Show an honest measurement model with appropriate definitions and no fabricated results.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Planning assumptions ONLY: PHP 420 average customer payment per order; PHP 180 tailor payout; PHP 75 variable logistics; PHP 15 protective packaging; PHP 10 payment/communication handling. Assumed contribution per order = 420 - 180 - 75 - 15 - 10 = PHP 140. At 20 paid orders, contribution before fixed costs = PHP 2,800. The illustrative committed pilot setup/discovery/creative/outreach costs total PHP 2,800, so twenty orders only reach a simplified break-even on these fixed expenses. The PHP 8,000 is a cash cap including variable-cost reserves and contingency, not a PHP 8,000 expense: do not deduct those reserves twice. This is an untested, fragile scenario, not evidence of viability.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Reach, relevant inquiries, trial purchase, retention, CAC, unit economics, simple ROI, decision thresholds.

Example you can follow: KPI: actual on-time returns divided by delivered orders; reconcile with written custody log.
Example you can follow: Scenario assumption: 20 orders x PHP 420 average payment = PHP 8,400 gross sales, not profit.
Example you can follow: Hypothetical variable cost PHP 280 per order; contribution = PHP 140 before fixed expenses.
Example you can follow: Pause if lost-item complaints are unresolved; continue only if margin and service reliability are supported.
09
Steps 3, 5–6 + Step 7 / Working chapter 9 of 11

RISK, ETHICS & GOVERNANCE

Protect customers and the venture while demonstrating professional judgment.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Key safeguards: written and photographed item check-in with customer consent, privacy-limited storage, clear pricing and partner responsibility, damage and loss resolution, realistic turnaround, approved transport routes and no unauthorized images. Pause intake if partner capacity is exceeded, complaints are unresolved or reliable custody records fail. Verify local business registration and applicable rules before operating.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Truth in advertising, customer privacy, AI disclosure, consents, misinformation, brand safety, response escalation, permissions.

Example you can follow: Risk: missing garment. Control: signed item list and consented condition photographs; owner: operator.
Example you can follow: For damage, pause promotion, confirm custody facts, inform affected customer and resolve before new claims.
Example you can follow: Consent for necessary item photos; never post identifying garments or contact customers without permission.
Example you can follow: AI only for permitted drafting; student verifies legal and operational claims independently.
10
Step 6 + Step 7 / Working chapter 10 of 11

CHRISTIAN CHARACTER & COVENANT

Explain how beliefs change marketing behavior and write a personal 500-word covenant.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Christian application: Luke 14:28–30 encourages counting the cost rather than reckless commitment; apply to unit economics and vendor capacity. Micah 6:8 calls for justice, mercy and humility; treat workers and customers fairly, disclose errors and avoid hidden charges. Covenant direction: refuse deceptive promises, steward garment custody, honor workers, protect privacy and admit when the evidence does not justify expansion. Write the complete covenant in your own words.
Read a complete model Christian marketing covenant (approximately 500 words)
As a student entrepreneur, I want the ventures I create to solve meaningful problems while respecting the people who make the business possible. I believe entrepreneurship involves responsibility for customers, workers, partners and community resources. My Christian convictions should influence how I set prices, keep promises, assess risks, handle personal information and respond when something goes wrong. I commit to building ventures on verified needs rather than attractive assumptions. Before investing money or asking others to trust a new service, I will examine the real customer problem and listen to evidence that challenges my idea. Luke 14:28–30 teaches the importance of counting the cost. I will apply that principle by studying unit economics, operational capacity and possible losses. Faithful courage involves thoughtful preparation, not a claim that God guarantees my business will succeed. I will speak truthfully about what my enterprise can deliver. If I launch AyosTahi, I will not advertise an exact turnaround that a tailoring partner has not agreed to meet. I will make quotations understandable, disclose additional charges before requesting approval and distinguish illustrative before-and-after samples from documented customer work. I will never create fictional reviews or imply that a proposed service has an existing customer base. Honest information gives people the freedom to decide wisely. I will respect human dignity in my treatment of customers and service partners. Micah 6:8 emphasizes justice, mercy and humility; those values challenge me to set fair arrangements, address errors promptly and listen without defensiveness. Garments entrusted to the business are personal property. I will document each handover, obtain consent for necessary photographs and establish a fair process for damage or loss. Customers must be able to decline promotional contact or the public display of their possessions. I will steward money and materials responsibly. I will not commit to an expensive storefront or application simply because those things make the venture appear established. I will prefer a limited and carefully measured pilot when the evidence remains incomplete. I will record costs accurately, distinguish business revenue from profit and stop or revise operations if quality, safety or financial results do not justify continuation. I will also respect permissions, applicable rules and the community spaces in which promotion occurs. When I use AI or outside creative help, I will verify the information and disclose assistance when required. I will credit sources rather than borrow another person’s research or images without permission. I will accept constructive criticism, seek counsel and avoid pretending certainty where there is none. Above all, I will see entrepreneurship as a way to serve rather than merely to gain status. Profit can sustain a useful service, but it does not excuse deception or exploitation. I commit to making difficult decisions with fairness, humility, diligence and accountability to God and to the people affected by my work. If the pilot evidence points against expansion, I will respect that conclusion. If the service grows, I will preserve the same customer protections, fair partner terms and transparent financial reporting that shaped its beginning.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: Meaningful biblical connection to diligence, service, justice, truthfulness, accountability and stewardship.

Example you can follow: Luke 14:28–30 supports calculating costs; Micah 6:8 calls for justice, mercy and humility.
Example you can follow: Dilemma: advertise 24-hour service without tailor agreement? Refuse and state an honest estimate.
Example you can follow: I will protect entrusted garments, disclose delays and steward business funds with accountable records.
Example you can follow: Commit to fair partner terms, truthful quotes, protection of customer dignity and honest failure reporting.
11
Steps 7–8 / Working chapter 11 of 11

CONCLUSION, REFERENCES & PITCH

Conclude with a defensible professional recommendation, credible references and a timed presentation.

Model submission · Worked illustrative example

AyosTahi

Founder conclusion: run a tightly controlled feasibility test, not a full public launch. Employer introduction: I approach venture operations with customer research, practical service design and honest metrics. Investor introduction: AyosTahi is a proposed convenience-led alteration service seeking validation, not claiming traction. Ten-minute pitch: problem/customer 2 min; evidence and business model 2; test and channel 2; economics/risks 2; ethical covenant and decision request 2.

Not verified client or venture data

Example numbers, profiles, market conditions and decisions are teaching assumptions, not actual research or achieved performance.

Your editable professional portfolio

Required evidence: 11-part final submission, dual employer/investor introductions, 10-minute oral pitch, sources and integrity declaration.

Example you can follow: Recommendation: validate a restricted-location paid pilot before committing to a shop or app.
Example you can follow: Employer: I design practical microservices. Partner: I ask for a measured trial, not open-ended funding.
Example you can follow: 0–2 min unmet need; 2–4 evidence gaps; 4–6 pilot; 6–8 economics and risk; 8–10 ethics and ask.
Example you can follow: Cite all third-party findings, sample visuals, permissions and AI use; label unverified assumptions.
Cumulative evidence / syllabus portfolio 1–16

The evidence behind your claims.

The exhibits below preserve the individual continuity artifacts from the syllabus. Expand each one and write your original work. Reference these exhibits in the final 11-chapter portfolio; do not substitute a polished summary for missing coursework.

EXHIBIT 01 · Observe three unmet needs

Exact syllabus artifact: Three problems, people affected, alternatives and possible value.

Example answer or direction: Observe delays in garment repair, transport inconvenience and uncertainty about alteration quotes; label all observations appropriately.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 02 · Definition synthesis + Tipping Point

Exact syllabus artifact: Define entrepreneurial marketing using credible sources and apply three mechanisms.

Example answer or direction: Synthesize definitions; propose helpful neighborhood connectors, a memorable quote process and the correct pickup context.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 03 · Comparison + two venture classifications

Exact syllabus artifact: Compare traditional/entrepreneurial marketing and justify two classifications.

Example answer or direction: Compare opening a physical kiosk with a staged booking experiment; classify two other ventures using sources.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 04 · Marketing-mix audit

Exact syllabus artifact: Apply relevant mix framework and give three evidence-led improvements.

Example answer or direction: Audit service, total cost, travel/time convenience and responsive communication; propose three changes to the customer path.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 05 · Seven-dimensions scorecard

Exact syllabus artifact: Score all seven dimensions with evidence and justify strongest/weakest two.

Example answer or direction: Evaluate all seven dimensions with a source or observation for each; identify resource leveraging and risk as areas to prove.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 06 · Two-message test

Exact syllabus artifact: Test two messages with at least three consenting people; record anonymized feedback.

Example answer or direction: Test a convenience-led booking caption vs a garment-care-led caption with at least three consenting respondents.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 07 · Small campaign experiment

Exact syllabus artifact: Audience, hypothesis, cost, metric and stop/continue/adapt criteria.

Example answer or direction: Hypothesis: transparent quotes lead to more qualified bookings than a generic discount. Specify costs and thresholds.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 08 · Midterm correction + synthesis

Exact syllabus artifact: Correct artifacts 1–7 and explain how your reasoning improved.

Example answer or direction: Show corrected evidence categories and an improved rationale for piloting before renting space.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 09 · Real-time response protocol

Exact syllabus artifact: Approvals, escalation, response rules and no-post conditions.

Example answer or direction: Escalate loss, damage, personal-data or unsafe transport issues; prohibit unverified repair promises and unauthorized photos.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 10 · Ethical viral concept redesign

Exact syllabus artifact: Map spreading mechanisms and reduce harm through redesign.

Example answer or direction: Redesign a potential before-after trend so claims are accurate and customer images require explicit permission.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 11 · Digital customer path

Exact syllabus artifact: Match channels, content, CTA and metrics to customer stages.

Example answer or direction: Map discovered → quote requested → inspection approved → returned → feedback, with appropriate channel and metric.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 12 · Content + source + AI log

Exact syllabus artifact: Original asset, source checks, AI disclosure and KPI hypothesis.

Example answer or direction: Create a booking explainer, check turnaround and fees, credit all visuals and disclose permitted AI assistance.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 13 · Permission-based guerrilla activation

Exact syllabus artifact: Permissions, safety, budget, success measure and fallback.

Example answer or direction: Plan a permission-based local garment-care demonstration that does not block public areas or impersonate a charity.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 14 · Campaign audit + responsible memo

Exact syllabus artifact: Compare digital/guerrilla options, evidence, controls and KPIs.

Example answer or direction: Compare a verified digital service campaign with a permission-based event; defend an affordable local test.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 15 · Full draft entrepreneurial marketing plan

Exact syllabus artifact: Situation, objectives, customer, calendar, budget, metrics and risks.

Example answer or direction: Consolidate customer insight, partner capacity, pilot limits, itemized budget, assumptions, KPI dashboard and contingencies.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

EXHIBIT 16 · Revised plan + 500-word covenant

Exact syllabus artifact: Final presentation-ready plan, 10-minute pitch and covenant.

Example answer or direction: Revise the model after feedback, pitch ten minutes, and submit an original 500-word stewardship covenant.

Write these parts: what you observed or researched; what it means; what you recommend; how you will verify it; your source or evidence.

Final quality assurance

Defend the work, not just the design.

Submission and presentation

Submit one organized PDF and retain editable originals. The companion HTML is an optional creative format, not a substitute for the required PDF. Include an approximately 500-word covenant and prepare a 10-minute pitch. Your final deadline is the Friday of the officially scheduled final-examination week, as stated in the attached portfolio instruction; verify the official date with your professor.

Keep all research sources, the test log, actual-versus-proposed performance labels, a detailed budget, calendar, KPI dashboard and risk register. Present one introduction for an employer and a different one for an investor/partner.

Reference examples from the course syllabus: Hisrich & Ramadani (2018), Entrepreneurial Marketing; Kotler, Armstrong & Balasubramanian (2024), Principles of Marketing. List only books, reports and webpages you personally consulted, with complete details.

Your working toolkit

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Evidence standard: no invented survey respondents, clients, percentages, sales, testimonial screenshots, Bible quotations, or research citations. Examples in this kit are illustrative and must be independently substantiated before adoption.

Prepared as a teaching resource for Professor Maricelle Verano · Messiah College Foundation, Inc. · EPS–Track 1 · AY 2026–2027
Professional marketing judgment requires research, creativity, feasibility and ethical accountability.